Ah yes, it’s been awhile but I’ve made my return to the world of blogging. I feel like the 56-year-old dude who’s finally deciding to get into this after reading about in the New York Times circa 2003. I don’t know why I’m implored to write this as if I’m a real columnist speaking to a true audience, but I do it anyway. I know there’s but one person other than myself who might read this, and it’s irrelevant to mention his name, since he knows who he is.
I think it’s time we dove right into what’s been piquing my interest these past several weeks. About three weeks ago I was reading Carl Sagan’s Cosmos when I came across his musings on the Fermi Paradox. The Fermi Paradox is the question that was posed by the great 20th century physicist Enrico Fermi on why there were no observable signs of extraterrestrial intelligence in our corner of the universe. If the Earth is nothing special, if life could exist on other Earth-like worlds, and even if those worlds were incredibly rare and the evolution of higher intelligence on those worlds even rarer, there should still be many intelligent civilizations even in our own galaxy (as there are trillions of stars in the Milky Way). Even by the ultra-slow space travel speeds of the 1960s, it could be reasonable to expect that an expanding population of little green men would be able to colonize the entire Milky Way in the span of a few tens of thousands of years. If intelligence had appeared on just one other planet in our galaxy 50,000 years before humans appeared on Earth, it would be likely that they’d have already set up shop in our own solar system. Only they haven’t, at least as far as we can tell (UFO conspiracy theories aside, of course).
This all brings up a plethora of little thought experiments to explore. If you take the Fermi Paradox to be based on reasonable assumptions, that the Earth is not particularly special in the universe and that life similar to Earth-bound organisms could arise on similar planets elsewhere, then I would expect you to be as struck by the notion as much as I am. What does it all mean? Carl Sagan thought it was proof that either technologically advanced civilizations occurred so very rarely in the universe that we ourselves are the only such civilization in existence right now, or that perhaps advanced civilizations tended to quickly wipe themselves out after appearing (which was a theme in Cosmos, specifically nuclear annihilation). Certainly, there are several hypotheses that attempt to solve the paradox. A simple approach is that other civilizations do exist, but our human-centric view biases our ability to observe a fellow advanced race (we can only detect their radio emissions, and we can only search for those in a very limited fashion). Perhaps Sagan is right in his second notion, that any advanced race is quickly done in by their own success (humanity’s time on Earth is exceptionally quick in stellar timeframes). Another posit is the Rare Earth Hypothesis, that the conditions that led to our evolution on this planet, in this galaxy, and in this universe are so highly, highly unlikely that one might assume it to be impossible. I like to explore this idea, as I do have a solid belief in a diety, even if I may not be particularly religious. Plus it’s always good to think you’re very special.
This is where I get hung up in an endless loop of thought. My mind is stuck somewhere pondering the possible answers. Do all advanced civilizations wipe themselves out, somehow? Do they determine that it’s not economically feasible, stay on their home planet, develop artificial intelligence, and plug themselves into the machines (see Ray Kurzweil for more on that idea)? Or are we the only intelligent lifeforms in the universe because the universe was created specifically for us? The answers to the paradox either predict our future, or aim to prove our uniqueness and perhaps a sense of spiritual affirmation. I’d like to believe the former two posits are not necessarily true, and that there are reasons unknown why we haven’t seen other life, or that perhaps we are the only life because that’s how it was all planned. Or, if you read a proof by a man named Nick Bostrom, the answer to the paradox is that we’re living in a fine-tuned computer simulation, a la the Matrix (yes, he has a mathematical proof for this, given some initial assumptions). In short, there is no “right” answer, and it’s all very interesting to think about.
